"Schopenhauer is in many ways peculiar among philosophers.
He is a pessimist, whereas almost all the others are in some sense optimists.
He is not fully academic, like Immanuel Kant and G.W.F. Hegel, nor yet
completely outside the academic tradition.
He dislikes Christianity, preferring the religions of India, both Hinduism
and the teachings of Gautama Buddha.
He is a man of wide culture, quite as much interested in art as in ethics.
He is unusually free from nationalism, and as much at home with English
and French writers as with those of his own country.
His appeal has always been less to professional philosophers than to artistic
and literary people in search of a philosophy that they could believe.
He began the emphasis on Will which is characteristic of much nineteenth
- and twentieth-century philosophy; but for him Will, though metaphysically
fundamental, is ethically evil--an opposition only possible for a pessimist.
He acknowledges three sources of his philosophy, Kant, Plato, and the Upanishads,
but I do not think he owes as much to Plato as he thinks he does.
His outlook has a certain temperamental affinity with that of the Hellenistic age;
it is tired and valetudinarian, valuing peace more than victory, and quietism
more than attempts at reform, which he regards as inevitably futile."
—Bertrand Russell, A History of Western Philosophy (1945)
Book Three, Part II, Chapter XXIV, Schopenhauer, p. 753
Image: Daguerreotype of Arthur Schopenhauer taken at Frankfurt
am Main March, 1859. Arthur Schopenhauer (2 February 1788 – 21 September 1860)
was a German philosopher best known for his book,
The World as Will and Representation (German: Die Welt ale Wille und Vorstellung),
in which he claimed that our world is driven by a continually dissatisfied will,
continually seeking satisfaction. Influenced by Eastern philosophy, he maintained
that the "truth was recognized by the sages of India" consequently, his solutions
to suffering were similar to those of Vedantic and Buddhist thinkers (e.g., asceticism).
The influence of "transcendental ideality" led him to choose atheism.
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου